Blog

  • CQHA Online Methodology Sessions

    CQHA Online Methodology Sessions

    Please join the Conference of Quaker Historians and Archivists (CQHA) on three days in June, for a set of virtual sessions foregrounding expanded approaches to the study of Quaker history and culture. Registration for the June sessions is now open. Sessions are free to attend but you must be registered via Eventbrite to access the Zoom details.

    CQHA’s June sessions have been chosen with a methodological focus in mind. The sessions are scheduled for June 14, 22, and 28, each at 12:30-2:00 pm EDT. They are:

    Researching Quaker History Online: A WorkshopTuesday, June 14, 2022   |  12:30-2:00 pm EDT

    Presenters: Mary Crauderueff, Susan Garfinkel, Emily Higgs Kopin
    Research in the digital age increasingly requires new tools, methods, and sources. Presenters in this hands-on session will demonstrate some of the most useful tools for conducting Quaker history research online. Speakers will cover scanned Quaker meeting records available through Ancestry.com; architectural survey of Quaker meeting houses in the Historic American Buildings Survey; contemporary born-digital online resource; and, archived websites in the Internet Archive.

    History from Things: Quaker Material and Visual CultureWednesday, June 22, 2022  |  12:30-2:00 pm EDT

    Presenters: Laura Keim, Isabella Rosner, Anne Verplanck
    Attention to material and visual culture extends our ability to understand the past as lived experience. Presenters in this session share case studies from their research that profile material and visual culture artifacts and methods to shed new light on Quaker history: Quaker material life at Philadelphia’s Stenton, home to six generations of the Logan family; a seventeenth-century needlework suite from London’s Shacklewell School; and, applying methodological tools for interpreting Quaker portraiture.

    Quakers in the Field: Ethnographic and Oral HistoriesTuesday, June 28, 2022  |  12:30-2:00 pm EDT

    Presenters: Alex Primm, Rebecca Hamilton-Levi, Oscar Lagusa Malande
    Oral histories, interviews, and ethnographic research present rich opportunities to work closely with living informants to collect and preserve first-hand accounts of recent and current events. Presenters in this session share background and methods used in contemporary contexts: oral history projects including early work with elder Friends and current research in the Ozarks; the QuakerSpeak bi-weekly video series featuring first-person narratives by and for contemporary Friends; and, ethnographic fieldwork among Kenyan Quakers in the post-missionary/colonial era.

    Please see CQHA’s website for full information, or contact the organizers by email at [email protected].

  • Middlesex Centre Archives Receives Grant to Digitize Quaker Records

    CFHA is excited to share the following announcement from the Middlesex Centre Archives:

    The Middlesex Centre Archives (MCA) is pleased to announce receipt of a $28,500 grant through the Library and Archives Canada’s Documentary Communities Heritage Program (DHCP). This grant will support the professional repair, cleaning and digitisation of early records and photographs from the businesses, industry and personal records of the Society of Friends (Quakers) and the Marsh Store (1862-1955). The original fragile records will be preserved meeting archival standards, and the digitised records will become accessible to the public. MCA is one of 11 recipients in Ontario under this year’s DCHP grants.

    Dave Zavitz, vice chair of the MCA, has previously shared a list of Quaker documents and family history records available at the archives. Having these records accessible online will be a wonderful resource for those interested in Middlesex County’s Quaker history. Dave has also contributed a number of guest posts for our Coldstream series on the Marsh store, Coldstream’s early development, and Benjamin Cutler.

  • Final Lecture in Quakerism in the Atlantic World Series with Robynne Rogers Healey and Erica Canela

    Join us Saturday, May 28th, for the final lecture in CFHA’s Quakerism in the Atlantic World series. The series has provided a wonderful opportunity to gather over the past five months to hear speakers present on their research and engage in the broader Quaker scholarly community. CFHA is pleased to welcome Dr. Robynne Rogers Healey and Erica Canela who will present on their chapter, “‘Our Dear Friend Has Departed This Life”: Memorial Testimony Writing in the Long Eighteenth Century.”

    The virtual series runs every second Saturday. All lectures will take place at 0900 Pacific / 1200 Eastern / 1700 UK on Zoom. Following the chapters of the volume, each short lecture will run for thirty minutes and include a discussion period at the end. All are welcome to attend the lectures and are we encourage you to share the registration link with friends and colleagues who will find the series of interest. Please register here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/cfha-lecture-series-quakerism-in-the-atlantic-world-tickets-241366051357

    Robynne Rogers Healey is a professor of history and the co-director of the Gender Studies Institute at Trinity Western University in British Columbia, Canada. She is associate editor (history) of the Brill series Research Perspectives in Quaker Studies, convenes the Conference of Quaker Historians and Archivists, and serves as publications chair for the Canadian Friends Historical Association. Her publications include From Quaker to Upper Canadian: Faith and Community Among Yonge Street Friends, 1801–1850 (2006); Quaker Studies: An Overview, The Current State of the Field (2018, with C. Wess Daniels and Jon Kershner); Quakerism in the Atlantic World, 1690–1830 (2021), and many articles and chapters in the field of Quaker history, especially related to eighteenth-century topics and the evolution of the peace testimony. She is currently working on two projects: a small monograph on Quaker quietism and a collaborative project on nineteenth-century Quaker women.

    Erica Canela is a final-year part-time PhD candidate in religion and theology at the University of Birmingham, UK. Her thesis is titled “Quakers and Religious Identity in Herefordshire and Worcestershire: From Civil Wars to the Eve of Toleration, c. 1640–1688.” She is the recipient of several awards for her work in Quaker history, including the David Adshead Award and the Gerald Hodgett Award. Her article “The Commendable Life and Noble Death of Humphrey Smith” was recently published in Quaker Studies, and she is writing two volumes for the Brill Research Perspectives in Quaker Studies series on early Quakerism.


    CFHA is dedicating this lecture series to Gordon Thompson in recognition of his enthusiasm for sharing Quaker history as a way to keep us connected during the pandemic. We rejoice in Gord’s tremendous contributions to CFHA. Always mentioning the great accomplishments and potential for CFHA, our Association is so much stronger because of Gord’s leadership and many contributions.

  • Penultimate Lecture in Quakerism in the Atlantic World with Rosalind Johnson

    Join us Saturday, May 7th, for the penultimate lecture in CFHA’s Quakerism in the Atlantic World series. The previous eight lectures have proven wonderful opportunities for thoughtful dialogue and engagement in the broader Quaker scholarly community. We’re excited to welcome our next presenter, Dr. Rosalind Johnson. She will present on her chapter, “’Quakers and Marriage Legislation in England in the Long Eighteenth Century.”

    The virtual series runs every second Saturday. All lectures will take place at 0900 Pacific / 1200 Eastern / 1700 UK on ZoomFollowing the chapters of the volume, each short lecture will run for thirty minutes and include a discussion period at the end. All are welcome to attend the lectures and are we encourage you to share the registration link with friends and colleagues who will find the series of interest. Please register here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/cfha-lecture-series-quakerism-in-the-atlantic-world-tickets-241366051357

    Rosalind Johnson is visiting fellow at the University of Winchester, UK. She works as a researcher for a county history project in Wiltshire and previously taught at the universities of Winchester and Chichester. Her principal research interests lie in the field of religious history in the long eighteenth century, particularly the history of Quakers. She is currently working on the history of Quakers and marriage, and on the history of Quakers in the city of Salisbury, UK, and is particularly interested in the position of women in religious groups, in expressions of popular piety, and in examining how nonconformists interacted with their conformist neighbours. Her publications include “The Case of the Distracted Maid: Healing and Cursing in Early Quaker history,” Quaker Studies (June 2016) and “The Lives of Ejected Hampshire Ministers After 1662,” Southern History (2014). She is currently researching the extent of Quaker faithfulness to the tithe testimony.

  • Canadian Quaker Library & Archives Re-Opening!

    CFHA is excited to share the following news!

    The Canadian Yearly Meeting Archives Committee is delighted to announce the re-opening of the Canadian Quaker Library and Archives on May 2, 2022. CQLA recently announced the appointment of a new archivist and are now ready to welcome guests back to the archives.

    CFHA members and others interested are invited to join us for a short online celebration of this event at 7 pm Eastern on May 2. Find the Zoom link below.

  • Eighth Lecture in Quakerism in the Atlantic World with Erin Bell

    Join us Saturday, April 23rd, for the eighth lecture in CFHA’s Quakerism in the Atlantic World series. The previous lectures have provided wonderful opportunities for Quaker scholars and historians to generously share their research and delve into the diverse facets of Quaker history. We’re very much looking forward to our next speaker, Dr. Erin Bell, who will present on her chapter, “’Mrs. Weaver Being a Quaker, Would Not Swear’: Representations of Quakers and Crime in the Metropolis, ca. 1696-1815.”

    The virtual series runs every second Saturday. All lectures will take place at 0900 Pacific / 1200 Eastern / 1700 UK on ZoomFollowing the chapters of the volume, each short lecture will run for thirty minutes and include a discussion period at the end. All are welcome to attend the lectures and are we encourage you to share the registration link with friends and colleagues who will find the series of interest. Please register here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/cfha-lecture-series-quakerism-in-the-atlantic-world-tickets-241366051357

    Erin Bell is a senior lecturer in the Department of History, College of Arts, at the University of Lincoln, UK. She has a particular interest in the different experiences of male and female Friends, and in considering how mainstream attitudes towards other religious communities related to and informed attitudes toward and depictions of Quakers. She also works on the representation of the past in factual television programming and is a member of the Lincolnshire Area Meeting. In addition to her book History on Television, co-authored with Ann Gray (2013), she has published widely on representations of Quakers in popular culture and the law in the early modern period. She is currently working, with Richard Allen, on Quaker Networks and Moral Reform in the North East of England.

    Erin’s chapter explores how Quakers were represented in accounts of London crime, particularly in Old Bailey Proceedings and Ordinary’s Accounts. She compares the experiences of Quakers with other religious minorities, notably how they were affected by inherited prejudice and their history as a criminalised minority.

  • Walking Wheel Discovery Project

    We are excited to share this guest post by Todd Farrell. Todd’s interest in walking wheels and their creators led him to contact CFHA, where he graciously accepted the invitation to share his Walking Wheel Discovery Program research with us on the blog.


    Having obtained a walking wheel in 2020, I wanted to determine the maker. This was a seemingly easy question, but not one with an easy answer. I dove into research and found information from various sources about makers including Quakers and their history.

    Figure 1 – The wheel that began the Walking Wheel Discovery Project

    Walking wheels were a staple of the pioneer household in the late 1700s and 1800s. Often referred to as wool, or great wheels, they were used to spin wool. The spinner stepped back and forth as they were spinning the wool, which gave the wheels their name. Historical references note spinners that worked in the English textile industry in Yorkshire and Lancashire walked the equivalent of 30 miles a week[1]. Walking wheels vary in diameter, turnings, styles and tension type, and number of legs.

    Relatively little has been written on the Canadian makers and the various wheels they made. In the United States, Shakers were known for their high-quality wheels, which were generally stamped with the name of the maker[2]. Makers marks (name and/or location) are not very common in Ontario or Canada. Markers marks can be found in various forms including paper, stencil, stamping, etching or carving on parts of the wheel housing.

    Inventions or patents were also created. These inventions are unique designs or mechanisms which were submitted to regulatory bodies. Some of these patents, with patent claim, description and drawings, can be found online for Canada[3] and the United States[4]. In Ontario, some patent wheels look like walking wheels, with an added treadle and moving arm with spindle. This removed the need for the spinner to walk. Pivot location varied, from the bottom (lever action), the top (pendulum), and side (horizontal). Not all inventions connected to spinning developed from the walking wheel. Hand crank and other varieties of spinning wheels also were patented.

    One of the first patent wheels I read about was made by Thomas Wright, a Norwich Quaker. He was a machinist who patented a lever action spinning wheel that he called the New Dominion Spinning wheel (Fig 2).

    Figure 2 – Patent 3276, June 16, 1869, the New Dominion Spinning Wheel, Thomas Wright, Milldale, Oxford County, South Norwich Township.                                              

    Spinning wheel makers are sometimes noted as such, but they can also be noted as sash maker, grain cradle maker, chair maker, cabinet maker, mechanic, turner, carpenter, farmer, coffin maker, carriage or wagon maker, wheel wright and more.

    Other Quaker makers have also documented before. Donald G. Anger wrote about Daniel Abell, a cabinet maker affiliated with the Pelham, Norwich, and Yarmouth sites[5]. Another Quaker maker, Michael McKay, was affiliated with Norwich and Yarmouth Quakers[6]. He was a cabinet maker as well, but marked his name and location and on the bench of his wheels.

    I document Canadian wheel styles, collecting online photos from sales (Facebook, Kijiji, Maxsold, and past and present auctions) combined with researching collections in museums and online portals like Ravelry. This information is cross referenced with census and gazetteer information and township histories, identifying known makers and locations.

    Finding many wheels for sale, all in the same style as a known 1800’s maker, increases the chances that it was made by that maker. Some of the wheels sold in Ontario were made in the United States or other provinces and have travelled. With time and research, the Canadian wheels will be determined.

    To date, I have found over 85 Ontario makers, 40 Canadian patent spinning wheel makers, and evaluated 1,000 wheels. My work has focused on Ontario makers, but I also collect photos and information on other Canadian makers and wheels, with research continuing.

    As for the first wheel I purchased that started my quest, the same wheel has been sold across Ontario with a large cluster sold in Grey County which has many makers.

    I may never know who made my wheel or some of the other wheels found in Ontario. Documenting walking wheel makers and their styles are important to raise awareness of the wheels, the makers, and this key part of our history.

    If you have a walking wheel, please share a photo to [email protected]. I would love to hear about it.


    [1] Patricia Baines, Spinning Wheels: Spinners and Spinning (London: Batsford, 1977), 252.

    [2] D. Pennington and M. Taylor, Pictorial Guide to American Spinning Wheels. (Sabbathday Lake, Maine: Shaker Press, 1975), 100.

    Judith Buxton-Keenlyside, Selected Canadian Spinning Wheels in Perspective: An Analytical Approach (Ottawa: National Museum of Man, National Museums of Canada, 1980), 336.

    [3] Library and Archives Canada. https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/patents-1869-1919/Pages/search.aspx

    [4] United States Patent and Trademark Office. www.uspto.gov/patents/search

    [5] Donald G. Anger, Daniel Abell of Malahide (1784-1868): Quaker Cabinet-Maker on the Talbot Road (Toronto, 2014). A section of Anger’s book was published under the same title in The Canadian Quaker History Journal 80 (2015): 1-26, available at https://www.cfha.info/journal80p1.pdf

    [6] Canada, Quaker Meeting Records, 1786-1988  https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/60521/

     

  • Seventh Lecture in Quakerism in the Atlantic World, with Jon Mitchell

    Join us Saturday, April 9th, for the seventh lecture in CFHA’s Quakerism in the Atlantic World series. The previous lectures have provided wonderful opportunities for Quaker scholars and historians to generously share their research and delve into the diverse facets of Quaker history. We’re very much looking forward to our next speaker, Dr. Jon Mitchell, who will present on his chapter, “Three Methods of Quaker Worship in Eighteenth-Century Quakerism.”

    The virtual series runs every second Saturday. All lectures will take place at 0900 Pacific / 1200 Eastern / 1700 UK on Zoom (If you are in the UK and have attended the previous lectures, please note sessions are returning to the previous time of 5pm). Following the chapters of the volume, each short lecture will run for thirty minutes and include a discussion period at the end. All are welcome to attend the lectures and are we encourage you to share the registration link with friends and colleagues who will find the series of interest. Please register here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/cfha-lecture-series-quakerism-in-the-atlantic-world-tickets-241366051357

    Jon Mitchell was awarded a PhD in 2018 in Theology and Religious Studies from the School of Philosophy, Religion and the History of Science, University of Leeds, UK. His dissertation was titled ‘Religious Melancholia and the York Retreat, 1730-1830’ . He lives in Brighton, UK and is currently looking for academic work.

    Jon Mitchell’s examination of three methods of Quaker worship in this period reveal that the practice of silence in Quaker meetings was not always the same, both within meetings and between meetings. As eighteenth-century Quakers sought a relationship with to the Divine that echoed the confident experience of early Friends, they adopted and adapted Christian contemplative practices used by other Christians. These practices were themselves shaped by the theological context in which they were formed, giving rise to theological or doctrinal diversity in the transatlantic Quaker world.


    CFHA is dedicating this lecture series to Gordon Thompson in recognition of his enthusiasm for sharing Quaker history as a way to keep us connected during the pandemic. We rejoice in Gord’s tremendous contributions to CFHA. Always mentioning the great accomplishments and potential for CFHA, our Association is so much stronger because of Gord’s leadership and many contributions.

  • Sixth Lecture in CFHA’s Series, Quakerism in the Atlantic World, with Geoffrey Plank

    Join us Saturday, March 26th, for the sixth lecture in CFHA’s Quakerism in the Atlantic World series. The previous lectures have provided wonderful opportunities for Quaker scholars and historians to generously share their research and delve into the diverse facets of Quaker history. We’re very much looking forward to our next speaker, Dr. Geoffrey Plank, who will present on his chapter, “Quakers, Indigenous Americans, and the Landscape of Peace.”

    The virtual series runs every second Saturday. All lectures will take place at 0900 Pacific / 1200 Eastern / 1600 UK on Zoom (If you are in the UK and have attended the previous lectures, please note the recent time change). Following the chapters of the volume, each short lecture will run for thirty minutes and include a discussion period at the end. All are welcome to attend the lectures and are we encourage you to share the registration link with friends and colleagues who will find the series of interest. Please register here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/cfha-lecture-series-quakerism-in-the-atlantic-world-tickets-241366051357

    Geoffrey Plank is a professor of early modern history at the University of East Anglia, UK. His research examines early modern debates over conquest, settlement, warfare, and slavery in the context of transatlantic imperialism. He is interested in the ways in which the European colonization of the Americas affected ordinary lives, and has studied a variety of groups, including French- and English-speaking colonists, Scottish Highlanders, Quakers, and Native Americans. His books include John Woolman’s Path to the Peaceable Kingdom: A Quaker in the British Empire (2012); Quakers and Abolition (2014, with Brycchan Carey); and Quakers and Native Americans (2019, with Ignacio Gallup-Diaz). He is also the author of many chapters and articles on eighteenth-century Quakerism. 


    CFHA is dedicating this lecture series to Gordon Thompson in recognition of his enthusiasm for sharing Quaker history as a way to keep us connected during the pandemic. We rejoice in Gord’s tremendous contributions to CFHA. Always mentioning the great accomplishments and potential for CFHA, our Association is so much stronger because of Gord’s leadership and many contributions.

  • Fifth Lecture in CFHA’s Series, Quakerism in the Atlantic World, with Richard C. Allen

    Join us Saturday, March 12th, for the fifth lecture in CFHA’s Quakerism in the Atlantic World series. This series has provided a wonderful opportunity for connection and dialogue, and we’re greatly looking forward to our next speaker, Dr. Richard C. Allen. He will present on his chapter, “Industrial Development and Community Responsibility: The Harford Family and South Wales, c.1768-1842.”

    The virtual series runs every second Saturday. All lectures will take place at 0900 Pacific / 1200 Eastern / 1700 UK on Zoom. Following the chapters of the volume, each short lecture will run for thirty minutes and include a discussion period at the end. All are welcome to attend the lectures and are we encourage you to share the registration link with friends and colleagues who will find the series of interest. Please register here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/cfha-lecture-series-quakerism-in-the-atlantic-world-tickets-241366051357

    Dr. Richard C. Allen is a Hon. Senior Lecturer at the Australian National University, Canberra, and a Visiting Fellow at Newcastle University. He is also a former Reader in Early Modern Cultural History at the University of South Wales and currently supervises doctoral students at the University of Birmingham. A former Fulbright Professor, he has published extensively on Quakerism, migration, and identity.

    His works include Quaker Communities in Early Modern Wales: From Radicalism to Respectability (2007), and the co-edited Irelands of the Mind (2008); Faith of Our Fathers: Popular Culture and Belief in Post-Reformation England, Ireland and Wales (2009); The Religious History of Wales: A Survey of Religious Life and Practice from the Seventeenth Century to the Present Day (2013), and with Rosemary Moore and Specialist Contributors, The Quakers, 1656–1723: The Evolution of an Alternative Community (2018). His most recent publication is The Welsh Society of Philadelphia, 1798–1839 for the South Wales Record Society/Pennsylvania State University Press (2021), a comprehensive study of this philanthropic society from its earliest existence in the early eighteenth century to the post-Revolutionary organisation that exists today. He is currently completing Welsh Quaker Emigrants and Colonial Pennsylvania, and co-authoring, with Erin Bell, Quaker Networks and Moral Reform in the North East of England. He has a patient wife and a forgiving cat.

     


    CFHA is dedicating this lecture series to Gordon Thompson in recognition of his enthusiasm for sharing Quaker history as a way to keep us connected during the pandemic. We rejoice in Gord’s tremendous contributions to CFHA. Always mentioning the great accomplishments and potential for CFHA, our Association is so much stronger because of Gord’s leadership and many contributions.